When
should you reline a chimney?
Here's
what the National Fire Protection
Agency (NFPA) 211 Standard,
section 9-9, has to say about the need to
reline a chimney:
If
the flue liner of a masonry chimney has softened, cracked, or
otherwise
deteriorated such that it no longer has the continued
ability to contain the products
of combustion, i.e., heat, moisture,
creosote, and flue gases, it shall be
either removed and replaced,
repaired, or relined with a listed liner system or
other approved
material that will resist corrosion, softening, or cracking from flues
gases at temperatures appropriate to the class of chimney service.
So,
here are the most common signals to you that a chimney needs to be relined:
*
Missing flue tiles
*
Bad joints between flue tiles
*
Flue tiles that are soft, cracked, or missing.
What
causes the problems? Let's take a look.
It
could be the flue liner was never installed properly, or the liners broke
when
they were put
in. The tiles could have been damaged in a chimney
fire. Or, it may be that
water soluble refractory
cement was used between
the tiles and the joints have deteriorated.
What
else do you look for that might signal a reline? A chimney that has
excessive
creosote, especially third-degree creosote, is obviously a
problem. The
homeowners' burning habits may
be responsible. But, it
also may be a situation where the chimney is too big for
the appliance.
.
It
could be that an insert has been stuck into a fireplace chimney, or a
woodstove
is vented into fireplace
chimney, and the chimney is just too
cotton-pickin' big. In this case,
creosote will deposit everywhere—it
never gets out of the chimney. It lazes
around cools, and then sticks on
the sides of the flue. This is a classic
example of a chimney that needs to
be relined.
Creosote
leaking out through the chimney may mean looking at a total
tear down rather than
a reline. Creosote that has permeated the mortar
or bricks is a dangerous
situation.
Al
the manufacturers of lining systems recommend a chimney be
cleaned before a
relining is done, otherwise you have a potential for fire.
If the creosote is so
extensive it can't be removed,
you may have to do a
rebuild.
Another
situation you want to be a ware of is condensation. This can
occur in any gas or
oil system that's
vented to a masonry chimney.
Why? Because the new, high efficiency appliances
don't usually create
enough draft in the large, old chimneys to vent moisture up
and out of
the chimney. This leads to condensation inside the chimney walls.
There
are several basic signs to watch for. There may be water coming
through the
chimney. You may see stains or bubbling wallpaper on the
inside. On the outside,
you may see white efflorescence stains. Or, you
may be tipped off when you find
and accumulation of debris in the
clean-out or connector pipe. A chimney may
need to be relined to create
the
right size flue to make the appliance operate properly.
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